The Pendulumof Reading Instruction

The Pendulum of Reading Instruction
Once you learn to read, you will forever be free. This simple and profound quote from Frederick Douglass emphasizes the freedom one achieves through and through with(predicate) reading and literature. In contrast to this simple quote on the benefits of literacy, program line a child to read is not kind of so elementary. Reading Instruction in America has historically consisted of a pendulum-like spend between phonics instruction and whole-word instruction. One matter that has remained consistent throughout, however, is the teaching of alphabetic scar. The difference in teaching methods from this starting point consists of whether to teach said alphabetic print by sound or by meaning.
Beginning in the 1600s, children were taught the alphabet using a hornbook. From the 1700s through the mid-1800s, children were taught to read through the memorization of the alphabet using phonics, or letter-sound correspondence and recite lists. Continuing on in the mid-1800s, educators began to move from the phonics approach to the meaning-based approach, or whole-word approach. Around the 1930s through the 1970s, the whole-word approach was used and was exemplified in the Dick and Jane reading series. Rudolph Flesch published his best-selling book wherefore Johnny Cant Read in 1957, urgency educators to return to phonics instruction.



In 1967, Jeanne Chall wrote a book, Learning to Read: The ample Debate, where Chall continues to advocate the use of direct phonics instruction.
In the early 1970s, the pendulum began to swing toward the whole language philosophy which promotes a meaning-based approach to accomplishment to read. This approach lasted a couple of decades when in the mid 1990s, a study released by the National Institute for Child health and Human Development indicated that children with reading difficulties benefited the most from explicit phonics instruction. This sparked a return of support for phonics instruction for all students (Halford 1997).
The mid-1990s...If you want to write down a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay



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